Iceland comes seventh in the expanded Nanny State Index, trailing two other Nordic nations, Finland and Norway. As in those countries, Iceland has a state monopoly on alcohol retail and some very high sin taxes. Alcohol advertising is completely banned, but happy hours are legal and quite common. In February 2020, the Minister of Justice Áslaug Arna Sigurbjörnsdóttir drafted a bill to legalise alcohol advertising and allow liquor stores to sell online. She argued that alcohol advertising is often seen in Iceland as a result of foreign media and international sports events and that relaxing the ban would allow domestic producers to compete. Nothing has come of this yet.

There is no national closing time for bars and restaurants, although most municipalities require last orders to be called between 3 am and 5 am, and you have to be 20 years old to buy a drink anywhere.

Alcohol taxes are exceptionally punitive. The tax on a typical bottle of whisky is 6,044 Króna (€44.35). The tax on a litre of standard lager is 337.15 Króna (€2.46) and the tax on an average 75cl bottle of wine is 570 Króna (€4.17). Even after adjusting for income, these are some of the highest rates in Europe.

Tobacco duty is more reasonable at 503 Króna (€3.68) for a pack of twenty cigarettes, albeit subject to VAT at 24 per cent. However, the government takes a further cut when they are sold because tobacco retailing is also a state monopoly. The price range of cigarettes in the shops is between 1,200 and 1,600 Króna (€8.70 to €11.60).

All forms of tobacco advertising are banned and it is even against the law to import, manufacture and sell toys or sweets that look like cigars, cigarettes or pipes. There is a tobacco display ban with an exemption for specialist tobacconists. Cigarette vending machines are banned, but the government has so far rejected plain packaging. Despite the cold, Iceland’s smoking ban is unforgiving, with no exemptions in the hospitality industry. There is no ban on smoking outdoors or in private vehicles.

As in other Nordic countries, smokeless tobacco is popular with the public but not with politicians. Between 2008 and 2017, cigarette consumption halved while smokeless tobacco consumption doubled. Snus has been banned for years and so many Icelanders make their own by wrapping nasal snuff in special snus paper. Today, only nine per cent of Icelanders are daily smokers.

E-cigarettes have become increasingly popular in recent years and four per cent of the population vapes daily. They are free to do so. E-cigarettes and vape juice are legal and vaping is only prohibited in government-owned buildings and on public transport. Mail order sales from overseas are permitted. Aside from following the EU line on e-cigarette regulation, the main restrictions are on marketing. E-cigarettes cannot be advertised in any form and cannot be displayed in shop windows.

There are no sin taxes on e-cigarette fluid, food or soft drinks, although a twenty per cent soda tax was proposed by the Directorate of Health in July 2019.

Thanks to Júlíus Viggó Ólafsson at Students for Liberty Iceland